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Java. Script for Cats. Java. Script For Cats. An introduction for new programmers So easy your human companion could do it too! Java. Script is a programming language or, in other words, a means by which a computer is instructed to do things. Just the same as one controls humans with hisses and meows, one controls computers with statements written in a programming language. All web browsers understand Java.
Script and you can take advantage of that to make web pages do crazy things! Java. Script started as a way to make web pages more interactive. Nowadays Java. Script runs in more places than just web browsers — it runs on web servers, phones and even robots! This page will teach you some Java. Script basics so that you can get up and running in no time*.* Actual time: more than none. Probably an hour or two.
Also since you are a cat you are less likely to run and more likely to lay around in the sun. Table of contents.
Don't be a scaredy- cat. You will always land on your feet — even when programming! Unlike pawing over a glass of water on your laptop, nothing in these tutorials will damage your computer in any way, even if you mistype a command or click the wrong button. Like cats, computer programmers make mistakes all time: misspelling things, forgetting quotes or brackets, and being forgetful of how basic functions (and yarn, lasers) work. Programmers care more about making it work eventually rather than trying to make it work the very first time.
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The best way to learn is by making mistakes! So don't be a scaredy- cat! The absolute worst thing that will happen is that you might have to refresh this page in your web browser if you get stuck. Don't worry though, this will happen very rarely.# The basics. There is Java. Script running on this page right now. Let's play around with it a little. For the sake of simplicity I'll assume you are using Google Chrome to read this page (if you aren't it's probably easier on both of us if you follow along with Chrome).
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First, right click anywhere on the screen and hit Inspect Element, then click on the Console tab. You should see a thingy that looks like this: This is a console, otherwise known as a "command line" or "terminal". Basically it's a way to type one thing at a time into a computer and immediately get the computers answer back. They are super useful as a learning tool (I still use the console nearly every day that I'm coding). The console does some pretty cool stuff. Here I have started to type something and the console is helping me out by giving me a list of all the possible things I could continue to type!
Another thing you could do is type 1 + 1 into the console and then hit the Enter key and watch what happens. Using the console is a very important part of learning Java.
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Script. If you don't know if something works or what the command is for something, go to the console and figure it out! Here's an example: # Strings. Since I am a cat I want to replace every instance of the word dog on the Internet with those blasted dogs. First go into your console and type in a few sentences that contain the word dog at least once. In Java. Script a bunch of letters, numbers, words or anything else is known as a String (as in a string of characters). Strings have to begin AND end with a quotation mark.
Single ' or double " is fine, just make sure you use the same at the beginning as you do at the end. See the nasty error message? Don't worry - you didn't break any laws. The Star Watch Free Online. Syntax. Error ILLEGAL is just the way it sounds when robots tell you that your program has a problem.
The first two sentences had matching quotation marks at the beginning and end, but when I mixed single and double quotation marks it freaked out on me. OK, to fix up one of these sentences (by replacing dog with our enhanced version) we have to first save the original sentence so that we can call it up later when we do our replacing magic. Notice how the string gets repeated in red when we type it into the console?
This is because we haven't told it to save the sentence anywhere so it just gives it right back (or it gives us an Error back if we messed something up).# Values and variables. Values are the simplest components in Java. Script. 1 is a value, true is a value, "hello" is a value, function() {} is a value, the list goes on!
There are a handful of different types of values in Java. Script but we don't need to go over them all right away — you will learn them naturally the more you code! To store values we use things called variables. The word 'variable' means 'can change' and is used because variables can store many different types of values and can change their value many times. They are pretty much like mailboxes. We put something in a variable, like our sentence, and then give the variable an address that we can use to look up the sentence later.
In real life mailboxes have to have PO Box numbers but in Java. Script you usually just use lowercase letters or numbers without any spaces.
Also as you can see, now that we are storing our sentence in a variable the console doesn't just return our sentence right away, but instead gives us undefined which means there was nothing to return. If you simply type a variable name into the console it will print out the value stored in that variable. A note about variables is that by default they go away when you switch to a different page. If I were to hit the Refresh button in Chrome, for example, my dog.
Sentence variable would get wiped and it would be like it never existed. But don't worry about this too much for now — you can just hit the up or down arrows on your keyboard while in the console to go through everything you've entered in recently.# Functions. Now that we have our sentence stored in a variable, let's change a word stored in it! We can do this by performing a function. Functions are a type of value that, well, serve a specific function (AKA purpose or action) for us.
Calling them "actions" sounded weird I guess so they went with the word "function" instead. Java. Script has a function called replace that does exactly what we want! Functions take in any number of values in their parentheses (zero, one or many) and return either nothing (undefined) or the changed string. The replace function is available to use on any strings and takes in two values: the characters to take out and the characters to swap in.
It gets confusing to describe these things so here is a visual example: Notice how the value of dog. Sentence is the same even after we run replace on it? This is because the replace function, (and most Java. Script functions for that matter) takes the value we give it and returns a new value, without modifying the value we passed in. Since we didn't store the result (there is no = on the left side of the replace function) it just printed out the return value in our console.# The "standard library"You might be wondering what other functions are available in Java. Script. The answer: A TON. There are lots built in, standard libraries that you can learn about at MDN (A site run by Mozilla that has lotsa nifty information about web technologies).
For example here is the MDN page on Java. Script's Math object.# Third- party Java. Script. There is also a lot of Java.
Script code available that is not built in. Java. Script from third parties is usually referred to as a "library" or "plugin". One of my favorites is called Underscore.
Let's go and grab it and load it into our page! First go to the Underscore site, http: //underscorejs. I usually use development versions because they are easier to read but both will give you the same basic functionality), and then copy all the code onto your clipboard (you can use Select All from the Edit menu to select everything). Then paste it into your console and hit enter. Now your browser has a new variable in it: _. Underscore gives you a ton of helpful functions to play with. We'll learn more about how to use them later.# Making new functions.